研究表明，我们皮肤上常见的细菌可作为潜在的癌症保护“层”
发生 皮肤癌 过去几十年来一直在稳步增长。皮肤 癌症 有两种——黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤。最常见的类型是黑色素瘤皮肤癌，每年在全球造成 2 至 3 万例病例。非黑色素瘤不是最常见的类型，影响全球 130,000 人，但也很严重，因为它可以扩散。三分之一的人 癌症 全世界都诊断出皮肤癌。我们的皮肤是人体最大的器官，也是最重要的，因为它覆盖整个身体，保护我们免受有害的外部因素的影响，如阳光、异常温度、细菌、灰尘等。皮肤负责控制我们的体温并排出汗液。我们的身体。它使必不可少的 维生素D 奇妙的是，皮肤为我们提供了触觉。皮肤病的主要原因 癌症 过度暴露于有害的阳光下。随着大气中的臭氧层逐渐耗尽，保护层正在消失，导致更多的太阳紫外线辐射到达地球表面。黑色素瘤 癌症始于产生色素的皮肤细胞，是由皮肤异常变化引起的 癌的 细胞开始生长，主要因素在某种程度上与个人暴露在阳光下及其晒伤史有关。非黑色素瘤皮肤 癌症 开始于细胞 皮肤 并长出来破坏附近的组织。这类 癌症 通常不会扩散到身体的其他部位（转移），但黑色素瘤会扩散。
在发表的一项研究 科学进展 描述了新的潜在作用 菌 在我们的皮肤上保护我们免受 癌症. Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine, USA have identified a strain of the 菌 Staphylococcus epidermidis which is very commonly found on 健康 human skin. This unique strain of skin 菌 is seen to inhibit growth (kill) of several types of 癌症 by producing a chemical compound – 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (6-HAP) in mice. It was clear that only the mice which had this 细菌 strain on their skin and thus made 6-HAP did not have 皮肤 肿瘤暴露后 癌症 causing UV rays. The chemical molecule 6-HAP basically impairs the synthesis (creation) of DNA thereby preventing the spread of tumour cells and also suppressing the development of new skin tumours. The mice were injected with 6-HAP every 48 hours over a period of two weeks. The strain is non-toxic and does not affect normal healthy cells while reducing the already present tumours by almost 50 percent. The authors state that the 细菌 strain is adding “another layer” of protection to our skin against 癌症.
This study clearly shows that our “skin microbiome” is an important aspect of the protection which skin offers. Some skin 菌 are already known for producing antimicrobial peptides which protect our skin from invasions by pathogenic 菌. Further studies are required to understand the workings of 6-HAP and whether ideally it could be used as a preventative measure against 癌症.
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来源（S）
中辻 T 等人。 2018. 表皮葡萄球菌的共生菌株可防止皮肤瘤形成。 科学进展. 4（2）。 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao4502
