NeoCoV, a 冠状病毒 strain related to MERS-CoV found in bats (NeoCoV is not a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, the human 冠状病毒 strain responsible for COVID-19 pandemic) has been reported to be the first case of a MERS-CoV variant using ACE2. NeoCoV has potential of human emergence with both high fatality and transmission rate.
NeoCoV 是一种与 MERS-CoV 相关的毒株，使用蝙蝠 ACE 2 受体进入和感染蝙蝠细胞。 然而，菌株 中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 使用 DPP4 受体进入细胞。 需要注意的是，NeoCoV 并不是新冠病毒的新变种。 SARS-COV-2 自 2019 年 XNUMX 月出现以来，这已导致全球大流行。
This article shows that NeoCoV and its close relative PDF-2180-CoV is able to efficiently bind to ACE 2 receptors in bat, but bind less favourably to human ACE 2 receptors. Studies using cryo-electron microscopy revealed a distinct 病毒-ACE 2 binding surface in case of binding of NeoCoV and PDF-2180-CoV to ACE 2 receptors. A molecular determinant implicates Asp 338 residue, that prevents NeoCoV from binding to human ACE 2 receptor. In addition, a T510F mutation in the receptor binding motif of NeoCoV causes it to efficiently bind human ACE 2 receptor.
Given the high fatality rate of 35% associated with MERS-CoV related 病毒 derived from Beta CoV lineage, the NeoCoV could pose a potential threat to emergence of a high transmissible strain of NeoCoV and PDF-2180-CoV (upon gaining the T510F mutation due to antigenic drift) that can cause infection and mortality in humans, far worse than the current pandemic. Antigenic drift refers to random genetic 突变 这导致了 蛋白质 结构，从而改变蛋白质与特定受体结合的能力。 此外，NeoCoV T510F 突变引起的感染，不能被针对 SARS-CoV-2 或 MERS-CoV 的抗体交叉中和。
The entire global community hopes that the mutation in NeoCoV and PDF-2180-CoV that causes it to efficiently bind to human ACE 2 receptor, remains a laboratory study to understand the virulence of these 病毒, and it doesn’t become a case of zoonotic transmission from bats to humans, creating another worldwide chaos.
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Sumber:
严H., 等 2022. MERS-CoV 在蝙蝠中的近亲使用 ACE2 作为其功能受体。 预印本 bioRxiv。 发表于 25 年 2022 月 XNUMX 日。 DOI： https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.24.477490
